时间：2025-08-11 10:39:43 点击:2
2013-text-4 1.On afive to three vote, the Supreme Court knocked out much of Arizona’s immigration law Monday—a modest policy victory forthe Obama Administration. But on the more important matter of the Constitution,the decision was an 8-0 defeatfor the Administration’s effort to upset the balance of power between the federal government andthe states. ①knockout [nɑːk aʊt] 击倒；淘汰 ②immigration [ˌɪmɪˈɡreɪʃn]移民； ③modest[ˈmɑːdɪst] a.谦虚的；轻微的； ④defeat [dɪˈfiːt] v.击败；战胜 n.失败 ⑤upset [ʌpˈset]v.打破；扰乱；a.沮丧的 2.InArizona v. United States, the majority overturned three of the four contested provisions of Arizona’scontroversial plan to have state and local police enforce federal immigrationlaw. The Constitutional principles that Washingtonalone has the power to “establish a uniform Rule of Naturalization” and that federal laws precede state laws arenoncontroversial.Arizona had attempted to fashion state policiesthat ran parallelto the existing federal ones. ⑥overturn[ˌoʊvərˈtɜːrn] v.推翻；颠覆 ⑦contested[kənˈtestɪd] a.有争议的contest v.争辩；n.竞赛 ⑧provision[prəˈvɪʒn] n.规定；条款 ⑨naturalization[ˈnætʃərələˈzeɪʃən]n.归化 ⑩precede[prɪˈsiːd] v.优先于 11fashion [ˈfæʃn] v.制作；塑造； 12parallel[ˈpærəlel]a.平行的 The Constitutional principles that（Washington alone has the power to “establish 主语 同位语从句 原则1 a uniform Rule of Naturalization” ）and（that federal laws precedestate laws）与前面并列 原则2 are noncontroversial. 谓语 宾语 3.Justice AnthonyKennedy, joined by Chief Justice John Roberts and the Court’s liberals, ruled that thestate flew too close to the federal sun. On the overturned provisions themajority held Congress had deliberately“occupied the field” and Arizona had thus intruded on the federal’s privileged powers. 13liberal [ˈlɪbərəl]n.自由党成员；a.自由的 14deliberately [dɪˈlɪbərətli]adv.故意地 15intrude [ɪnˈtruːd]v.侵犯 16privileged [ˈprɪvəlɪdʒd]a.有特权的 4.However,the Justices said that Arizona police would be allowed to verify the legal status of people who come in contact with lawenforcement. That’s because Congress has always envisioned joint federal-state immigration enforcement and explicitly encouragesstate officers to share information and cooperate with federal colleagues. 17verify [ˈverɪfaɪ]v.核实；验证 18status[ˈsteɪtəs]n.身份；地位 19come in contactwith 接触 20envision [ɪnˈvɪʒn]v.设想 21joint [dʒɔɪnt] a.共同的 22explicitly [ɪkˈsplɪsətli]adv.明确地 23cooperate with 与….合作 5.Twoof the three objecting Justices—Samuel Alito and Clarence Thomas—agreed withthis Constitutional logic but disagreed about which Arizona rules conflicted with thefederal statute.The only major objection came from Justice Antonin Scalia, who offered an evenmore robust defense of stateprivileges going back to the Alien and Sedition Acts. 24conflict with 与…相冲突 25statute [ˈstætʃuːt]n.法规；法令 26robust robust a.强壮的；坚固的 27defense[dɪ'fens]n.防卫；辩护 6.The8-0 objection to President Obama turns on what Justice Samuel Alito describes in his objection as“a shocking assertionof federal executive power”.The White House argued that Arizona’s laws conflicted with its enforcement priorities, even if statelaws complied with federal statutes to the letter. In effect, the White House claimed that it could invalidate any otherwiselegitimate state law that it disagrees with. 28turn on（原因）在于； 29assertion [əˈsɜːrʃn]n.断言；声明 30executive [ɪɡˈzekjətɪv]power 行政权 31priority [praɪˈɔːrəti]n.优先权 32to the letter 一字一句的 33invalidate [ɪnˈvælɪdeɪt]v.使无效 7.Somepowers do belong exclusivelyto the federal government, and control of citizenship and the borders is among them. But ifCongress wanted to prevent states from using their own resources to checkimmigration status, it could. It never did so. The Administration was in essence asserting thatbecause it didn’t want to carryout Congress’s immigration wishes, no state should be allowed to do soeither. Every Justice rightly rejected this remarkable claim. 34exclusively [ɪkˈskluːsɪvli]adv. 排他地 35citizenship [ˈsɪtɪzənʃɪp]n.公民身份 36in essence [ˈesns]本质上 37carry out 执行 38remarkable[rɪˈmɑːrkəbl]a.显著的； 36.Three provisions of Arizona’s plan were overturned because they _______. [A]overstepped theauthority of federal immigration law. [B]disturbed the power balance between different states. [C]deprived the federal police of Constitutional powers. [D]contradicted boththe federal and state policies. 39overstep逾越； 40contradict [ˌkɑːntrəˈdɪkt]与…相矛盾 +with 37.On which of the following did the Justices agree, according to Paragraph 4? [A]States’ independence from federal immigration law. [B]Federal officers’ duty to withholdimmigrants’ information. [C]States’ legitimate role in immigration enforcement. [D]Congress’s interventionin immigration enforcement. 41withhold [wɪðˈhoʊld]v. 拒绝给 42intervention [ˌɪntərˈvenʃn]n.干预 38.It can be inferred from Paragraph 5 that the Alien and Sedition Acts _______. [A]violated the Constitution. [B]stood in favor of the states. [C]supported the federal statute. [D]undermined the states’ interests.
39.The White House claims that its power of enforcement _______. [A]outweighs that heldby the states. [B]is established by federal statutes. [C]is dependent on the states’ support. [D]rarely goes against state laws. 43outweigh 超过 40.What can be learned from the last paragraph? [A]Immigration issues are usually decided by Congress. [B]The Administration is dominant over immigration issues. [C]Justices wanted to strengthen its coordination with Congress. [D]Justices intended to check the power of the Administration. |
